Zero focalization (omniscient)
The narrator knows everything: every character's thoughts, past, future, and what happens elsewhere.
In zero focalization, the narrator is under no knowledge restriction: entering every mind, knowing past and future, seeing Paris and Moscow at once. It's the regime of the nineteenth-century novel — Balzac, Tolstoy — where the narrator overlooks the world like a demiurge.
Reputed dated, omniscience remains a legitimate tool if fully owned: its specific powers (sweep, the irony of the overview, narratorial judgment) belong to it alone. The real flaw isn't omniscience but its drifting use — "head-hopping" that jumps from mind to mind paragraph by paragraph with no clear control.
Example
"She believed him sincere. He wasn't — and their son, three streets away, would soon find out."